Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Girls and women with Turner Syndrome (TS) are commonly estrogen deficient, and may also be affected by conditions that have been suggested as increasing risk for severe infection with COVID.Objective: To determine the self-reported experience of COVID19 in girls/women with Turner syndromeDesign: Anonymous self-completed website survey (UK TSSS) and analysis of submitted dataPopulation: 49 people; ...

The British Society for Paediatric Endocrine and Diabetes (BSPED) published guidance in 2016 on optimal Hormonal Replacement Therapy (HRT) for pubertal induction in Turner Syndrome (TS). Transdermal preparations of oestrogen are the most appropriate method of oestrogen delivery in TS, as it avoids first pass metabolism of the liver, and thereby does not exert a meaningful effect on blood pressure.Objective: To assess change in prescribing practice in acc...

In 2019, we attended a patient engagement zoom session, hosted by Turner Syndrome Support Society (TSSS), to launch a video illustrating the use of a transdermal patch for pubertal induction in girls with Turner Syndrome (TS). Several girls raised to us that they felt that they did not have a good understanding of puberty, and on why it was important to receive both oestrogen and progesterone preparations during pubertal induction. To target this, we developed an explanatory v...

Acetylation of DNA can result in gene silencing. In the thyroid such phenomena can lead to the loss of ability to accumulate radioiodide. The aim of this study was to examine the effects on the rat thyroid cell line FRTL-5 and human thyroid follicular cancer cell line FTC-133 of Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deactylase inhibitor. A concentration of TSA was selected using MTT cell viability assays for use in uptake, efflux and expression studies. Cells were incubated with TSA...

Epigenetic phenomena such as methylation or acetylation of DNA can result in transcriptional inactivation and gene silencing. In the thyroid such phenomena can bring about the loss of ability to accumulate iodide as a result of methylation of CpG islands in human sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and Pendrin (PDS) DNA, limiting the ability to utilise radioiodide therapy. This study examines the effects of Trichostatin A (TSA) a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor on a rat thyroid...

Uptake of ingested iodide (I-) in the thyroid is achieved through an active transport system, the sodium iodide symporter (NIS). The gland has the ability to accumulate I- from the bloodstream by a factor of 20-40. Seaweeds, which in vivo bear the same relationship to seawater, as does the thyroid to the bloodstream, have a dramatically more efficient I- uptake system, accumulating I- from seawater by a factor of anything up to 1 mil...

The production of iodine containing thyroid hormones necessary for brain development in the fetus depends not only on maternal dietary intake but also on placental iodine transport.Previously, studies focused on finding the optimum level of iodine nutrition for expectant mothers. However, little knowledge exists on the ability of the placenta to either accumulate or even store iodine. This study aims to investigate iodine uptake and tissue iodine content...

Background: In 2007, the Turner syndrome (TS) consensus study group developed an international guideline for clinical care of girls and women with TS. Given emerging concerns of long term cardiovascular complications, the consensus recommends that cardiac MRI should be performed when girls are old enough to tolerate the procedure or at the time of transition and to be repeated at least every 5–10 years.Method: We conducted a survey ...

An 18-year-old female presented to acute services with polydipsia and lower back pain. Routine blood tests revealed hypercalcaemia 3.67 mmol/l with significantly raised parathyroid hormone levels 2986 ng/l (10–65), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 3330 IU/l (30–130), and low vitamin D 10.3 nmol/l (50–220). A CT scan revealed a 3.5 cm parathyroid adenoma and very osteopenic bones with multiple lucencies in keeping with primary hyperparathyoidism. The parathyroid subtra...

The observed association between thyroid disorders and breast cancer has provoked many investigations. One area where there is some, although far from universal, agreement is the finding of an increased prevalence of anti-thyroid autoantibodies in breast cancer patients compared to controls. Whether this is a feature of a generalised autoimmune response to breast cancer, or provoked by the enzyme thyroid peroxidase acting as an autoantigen, remains unclear. In this study we lo...